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    TTF2 transcription termination factor 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 8458, updated on 5-May-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    TTF2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    transcription termination factor 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:12398
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000116830 MIM:604718; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12398
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    F2; HuF2; ZGRF6
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the SWI2/SNF2 family of proteins, which play a critical role in altering protein-DNA interactions. The encoded protein has been shown to have dsDNA-dependent ATPase activity and RNA polymerase II termination activity. This protein interacts with cell division cycle 5-like, associates with human splicing complexes, and plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Annotation information
    Note: TTF2 (Gene ID: 8458) and FOXE1 (Gene ID: 2304) share the TTF2 symbol/alias in common. TTF2 is a widely used alternative name for forkhead box E1 (FOXE1), which can be confused with the official symbol for transcription termination factor 2 (TTF2). [31 May 2018]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 3.1), appendix (RPKM 2.5) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See TTF2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    1p13.1
    Exon count:
    26
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (117060326..117107453)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (117070767..117117876)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (117602948..117650075)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene CD101 molecule Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr1:117560254-117561453 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904386 Neighboring gene CD101 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 1578 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1236 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 1579 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr1:117619501-117620700 Neighboring gene microRNA 942 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1237 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 1580 Neighboring gene tripartite motif containing 45 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904387 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S15a pseudogene 9

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Rescue of the TTF2 knockdown phenotype with an siRNA-resistant replacement vector. Jiang Y, et al. Cell Cycle, 2004 Sep. PMID 15467445
    2. Involvement of transcription termination factor 2 in mitotic repression of transcription elongation. Jiang Y, et al. Mol Cell, 2004 May 7. PMID 15125840
    3. Human transcription release factor 2 dissociates RNA polymerases I and II stalled at a cyclobutane thymine dimer. Hara R, et al. J Biol Chem, 1999 Aug 27. PMID 10455150
    4. A human RNA polymerase II transcription termination factor is a SWI2/SNF2 family member. Liu M, et al. J Biol Chem, 1998 Oct 2. PMID 9748214
    5. Chromosome tangling and breakage at anaphase result from mutations in lodestar, a Drosophila gene encoding a putative nucleoside triphosphate-binding protein. Girdham CH, et al. Genes Dev, 1991 Oct. PMID 1916263

    See all (57) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. TTF2 is the only ATP-dependent termination activity associated with Pol II transcription elongation complexes, is largely unaffected by template position, and is impervious to the phosphorylation state of the polymerase.
      Title: Involvement of transcription termination factor 2 in mitotic repression of transcription elongation.
    2. Importantly, the mitotic phenotype seen with TTF2-siRNA is rescued by expression of the siRNA-resistant GFP-tagged TTF2 proving that reduced TTF2 is responsible for the retention of RNA polymerase II on mitotic chromosomes.
      Title: Rescue of the TTF2 knockdown phenotype with an siRNA-resistant replacement vector.
    3. hLodestar/HuF2 interacts with CDC5L and is involved in pre-mRNA splicing
      Title: hLodestar/HuF2 interacts with CDC5L and is involved in pre-mRNA splicing.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat Depletion of transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase II (TTF2) by siRNA enhances HIV-1 Tat activation of HIV-1 LTR, which is not the results of increased Tat expression and release of CDK9/CCNT1 from 7SK snRNP, and activation of NF-kappaB PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables helicase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables hydrolase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in DNA repair IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in DNA-templated transcription termination TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in RNA splicing IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in chromatin remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mRNA processing IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in termination of RNA polymerase II transcription TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of spliceosomal complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of transcription elongation factor complex TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    transcription termination factor 2
    Names
    RNA polymerase II termination factor
    human factor 2
    lodestar homolog
    lodestar protein
    transcription release factor 2
    transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase II
    zinc finger, GRF-type containing 6

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_003594.4 → NP_003585.3  transcription termination factor 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003585.3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AF073771, AF080255, AI991355, AL391476, AL445231, AW027795, BC030058, BI857056, BQ422564, BU182600, H81916
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS892.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K4Q2, O75921, Q5T2K7, Q5VVU8, Q8N6I8, Q9UNY4
      Related
      ENSP00000358478.3, ENST00000369466.9
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd00046
      Location:590 → 768
      DEXDc; DEAD-like helicases superfamily. A diverse family of proteins involved in ATP-dependent RNA or DNA unwinding. This domain contains the ATP-binding region.
      pfam00176
      Location:573 → 933
      SNF2_N; SNF2 family N-terminal domain
      pfam00271
      Location:990 → 1106
      Helicase_C; Helicase conserved C-terminal domain
      pfam06839
      Location:4 → 39
      zf-GRF; GRF zinc finger

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      117060326..117107453
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_017002552.3 → XP_016858041.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X2

    2. XM_017002550.3 → XP_016858039.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X1

    3. XM_017002551.3 → XP_016858040.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X1

    4. XM_047432141.1 → XP_047288097.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X5

    5. XM_047432143.1 → XP_047288099.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X5

    6. XM_047432144.1 → XP_047288100.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X6

    7. XM_047432147.1 → XP_047288103.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X6

    8. XM_047432135.1 → XP_047288091.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X3

    9. XM_047432136.1 → XP_047288092.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X3

    10. XM_017002555.3 → XP_016858044.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X7

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K4Q2, O75921, Q5T2K7, Q5VVU8, Q8N6I8, Q9UNY4
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd00046
      Location:590 → 768
      DEXDc; DEAD-like helicases superfamily. A diverse family of proteins involved in ATP-dependent RNA or DNA unwinding. This domain contains the ATP-binding region.
      pfam00176
      Location:573 → 933
      SNF2_N; SNF2 family N-terminal domain
      pfam00271
      Location:990 → 1106
      Helicase_C; Helicase conserved C-terminal domain
      pfam06839
      Location:4 → 39
      zf-GRF; GRF zinc finger

    11. XM_047432152.1 → XP_047288108.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X7

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K4Q2, O75921, Q5T2K7, Q5VVU8, Q8N6I8, Q9UNY4

    12. XM_047432139.1 → XP_047288095.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X4

    13. XM_047432155.1 → XP_047288111.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X8

    14. XM_047432157.1 → XP_047288113.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X8

    15. XM_047432161.1 → XP_047288117.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X9

    16. XM_047432162.1 → XP_047288118.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X10

    RNA

    1. XR_007064424.1 RNA Sequence

    2. XR_007064425.1 RNA Sequence

    3. XR_007064426.1 RNA Sequence

    4. XR_007064427.1 RNA Sequence

    5. XR_007064429.1 RNA Sequence

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      117070767..117117876
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054339201.1 → XP_054195176.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X1

    2. XM_054339202.1 → XP_054195177.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X1

    3. XM_054339207.1 → XP_054195182.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X5

    4. XM_054339208.1 → XP_054195183.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X5

    5. XM_054339203.1 → XP_054195178.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X2

    6. XM_054339209.1 → XP_054195184.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X6

    7. XM_054339210.1 → XP_054195185.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X6

    8. XM_054339204.1 → XP_054195179.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X3

    9. XM_054339205.1 → XP_054195180.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X3

    10. XM_054339211.1 → XP_054195186.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X7

    11. XM_054339212.1 → XP_054195187.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X7

    12. XM_054339206.1 → XP_054195181.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X4

    13. XM_054339213.1 → XP_054195188.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X8

    14. XM_054339214.1 → XP_054195189.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X8

    15. XM_054339215.1 → XP_054195190.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X9

    16. XM_054339216.1 → XP_054195191.1  transcription termination factor 2 isoform X10

    RNA

    1. XR_008486180.1 RNA Sequence

    2. XR_008486181.1 RNA Sequence

    3. XR_008486182.1 RNA Sequence

    4. XR_008486183.1 RNA Sequence

    5. XR_008486184.1 RNA Sequence

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9UNY4.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9UNY4

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