CD81 controls immunity to Listeria infection through rac-dependent inhibition of proinflammatory mediator release and activation of cytotoxic T cells

J Immunol. 2015 Jun 15;194(12):6090-101. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402957. Epub 2015 May 13.

Abstract

Despite recent evidence on the involvement of CD81 in pathogen binding and Ag presentation by dendritic cells (DCs), the molecular mechanism of how CD81 regulates immunity during infection remains to be elucidated. To investigate the role of CD81 in the regulation of defense mechanisms against microbial infections, we have used the Listeria monocytogenes infection model to explore the impact of CD81 deficiency in the innate and adaptive immune response against this pathogenic bacteria. We show that CD81(-/-) mice are less susceptible than wild-type mice to systemic Listeria infection, which correlates with increased numbers of inflammatory monocytes and DCs in CD81(-/-) spleens, the main subsets controlling early bacterial burden. Additionally, our data reveal that CD81 inhibits Rac/STAT-1 activation, leading to a negative regulation of the production of TNF-α and NO by inflammatory DCs and the activation of cytotoxic T cells by splenic CD8α(+) DCs. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CD81-Rac interaction exerts an important regulatory role on the innate and adaptive immunity against bacterial infection and suggests a role for CD81 in the development of novel therapeutic targets during infectious diseases.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation / immunology
  • Cell Survival / genetics
  • Cell Survival / immunology
  • Dendritic Cells / cytology
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology
  • Dendritic Cells / metabolism
  • Dendritic Cells / microbiology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Disease Resistance / genetics
  • Disease Resistance / immunology
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism*
  • Listeria / immunology
  • Listeriosis / genetics
  • Listeriosis / immunology*
  • Listeriosis / metabolism*
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
  • Phagocytosis
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Binding
  • Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta / metabolism
  • STAT1 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / metabolism*
  • Tetraspanin 28 / genetics
  • Tetraspanin 28 / metabolism*
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / biosynthesis
  • rac GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Inflammation Mediators
  • STAT1 Transcription Factor
  • Tetraspanin 28
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta
  • Nitric Oxide
  • rac GTP-Binding Proteins