Cdt1 forms a complex with the minichromosome maintenance protein (MCM) and activates its helicase activity

J Biol Chem. 2008 Sep 5;283(36):24469-77. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M803212200. Epub 2008 Jul 7.

Abstract

Mcm4/6/7 forms a complex possessing DNA helicase activity, suggesting that Mcm may be a central component for the replicative helicase. Although Cdt1 is known to be essential for loading of Mcm onto the chromatin, its precise role in pre-RC formation and replication initiation is unknown. Using purified proteins, we show that Cdt1 forms a complex with Mcm4/6/7, Mcm2/3/4/5/6/7, and Mcm2/4/6/7 in glycerol gradient fractionation through interaction with Mcm2 and Mcm4/6. In the glycerol gradient fractionation, Mcm4/6/7-Cdt1 forms a complex (speculated to be a (Mcm4/6/7)2-Cdt13 assembly) in the presence of ATP, which is significantly larger than the Mcm4/6/7-Cdt1 complex generated in its absence. Furthermore, DNA binding and helicase activities of Mcm4/6/7 are significantly stimulated by Cdt1 protein in vitro. We generated a Cdt1 mutant, which fails to stimulate DNA binding and helicase activities of Mcm4/6/7. This mutant Cdt1 showed reduced interaction with Mcm and is deficient in the formation of a high molecular weight complex with Mcm. Thus, a productive interaction between Cdt1 and MCM appears to be essential for efficient loading of MCM onto template DNA, as well as for the efficient unwinding reaction.

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphate / chemistry
  • Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / chemistry
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell-Free System / metabolism
  • DNA / chemistry
  • DNA / genetics
  • DNA / metabolism*
  • DNA Helicases / chemistry
  • DNA Helicases / genetics
  • DNA Helicases / metabolism*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / chemistry
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 4
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 6
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 7
  • Multiprotein Complexes / chemistry
  • Multiprotein Complexes / genetics
  • Multiprotein Complexes / metabolism*
  • Mutation
  • Nuclear Proteins / chemistry
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding / physiology
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Multiprotein Complexes
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Ris2 protein, mouse
  • Adenosine Triphosphate
  • DNA
  • DNA Helicases
  • Mcm4 protein, mouse
  • Mcm6 protein, mouse
  • Mcm7 protein, mouse
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 4
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 6
  • Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 7