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Immunodeficiency 118(IMD118)

MedGen UID:
1052590
•Concept ID:
CN376196
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: IMD118; Immunodeficiency 118, mycobacteriosis; IMMUNODEFICIENCY 118, MYCOBACTERIOSIS, X-LINKED RECESSIVE
 
Gene (location): MCTS1 (Xq24)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0958030
OMIM®: 301115

Definition

X-linked recessive immunodeficiency-118 (IMD118) is characterized by increased susceptibility to the development of disseminated mycobacterial infections in infancy, notably after BCG vaccination. Affected males usually recover with treatment, have no other infections, and show normal growth and development. Immunologic workup shows normal numbers of circulating leukocyte subsets, but functional studies show impaired JAK2 (147796) translation in certain T lymphocytes, resulting in defective IL23 (see 605580)-dependent induction of IFNG (147570) production and secretion from other immune cells (Bohlen et al., 2023). [from OMIM]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Taiwan consensus statement on the management of chronic hepatitis B.
Chien RN, Kao JH, Peng CY, Chen CH, Liu CJ, Huang YH, Hu TH, Yang HI, Lu SN, Ni YH, Chuang WL, Lee CM, Wu JC, Chen PJ, Liaw YF
J Formos Med Assoc 2019 Jan;118(1 Pt 1):7-38. Epub 2018 Dec 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.11.008. PMID: 30527436
Bispecific antibodies: Potential immunotherapies for HIV treatment.
Fabozzi G, Pegu A, Koup RA, Petrovas C
Methods 2019 Feb 1;154:118-124. Epub 2018 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.10.010. PMID: 30352254Free PMC Article
Targeting Intrinsic and Extrinsic Vulnerabilities for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma.
Anreddy N, Hazlehurst LA
J Cell Biochem 2017 Jan;118(1):15-25. Epub 2016 Jun 21 doi: 10.1002/jcb.25617. PMID: 27261328Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Single High Dose of Liposomal Amphotericin B in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS-Related Disseminated Histoplasmosis: A Randomized Trial.
Pasqualotto AC, Lana DD, Godoy CSM, Leitão TDMJS, Bay MB, Damasceno LS, Soares RBA, Kist R, Silva LR, Wiltgen D, Melo M, Guimarães TF, Guimarães MR, Vechi HT, de Mesquita JRL, Monteiro GRG, Adenis A, Bahr NC, Spec A, Boulware DR, Israelski D, Chiller T, Falci DR
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Oct 13;77(8):1126-1132. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad313. PMID: 37232940Free PMC Article
Gastrointestinal parasites in immunocompromised patients; A comparative cross-sectional study.
Sepahvand F, Mamaghani AJ, Ezatpour B, Badparva E, Zebardast N, Fallahi S
Acta Trop 2022 Jul;231:106464. Epub 2022 Apr 12 doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106464. PMID: 35421383
Waldenström macroglobulinemia and relationship to immune deficiency.
Levy A, Guidez S, Debiais C, Princet I, Bouyer S, Dindinaud E, Delwail V, Systchenko T, Moya N, Gruchet C, Sabirou F, Bobin A, Gardeney H, Nsiala L, Cailly L, Olivier G, Motard C, Fleck E, Corby A, Roul C, Denis G, Dieval C, Leleu X, Tomowiak C
Leuk Lymphoma 2021 Nov;62(11):2665-2670. Epub 2021 Jun 4 doi: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1907379. PMID: 34085595
Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Fifty-Two-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
Stohl W, Schwarting A, Okada M, Scheinberg M, Doria A, Hammer AE, Kleoudis C, Groark J, Bass D, Fox NL, Roth D, Gordon D
Arthritis Rheumatol 2017 May;69(5):1016-1027. Epub 2017 Apr 7 doi: 10.1002/art.40049. PMID: 28118533Free PMC Article
Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection.
Bruchfeld J, Correia-Neves M, Källenius G
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2015 Feb 26;5(7):a017871. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a017871. PMID: 25722472Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Measuring patient engagement with HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping study.
Keene CM, Ragunathan A, Euvrard J, English M, McKnight J, Orrell C; InCARE Stakeholder Group
J Int AIDS Soc 2022 Oct;25(10):e26025. doi: 10.1002/jia2.26025. PMID: 36285618Free PMC Article
Waldenström macroglobulinemia and relationship to immune deficiency.
Levy A, Guidez S, Debiais C, Princet I, Bouyer S, Dindinaud E, Delwail V, Systchenko T, Moya N, Gruchet C, Sabirou F, Bobin A, Gardeney H, Nsiala L, Cailly L, Olivier G, Motard C, Fleck E, Corby A, Roul C, Denis G, Dieval C, Leleu X, Tomowiak C
Leuk Lymphoma 2021 Nov;62(11):2665-2670. Epub 2021 Jun 4 doi: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1907379. PMID: 34085595
Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases in Iran: Past, Present and Future.
Aghamohammadi A, Abolhassani H, Rezaei N
Arch Iran Med 2021 Feb 1;24(2):118-124. doi: 10.34172/aim.2021.18. PMID: 33636979
Chronic granulomatous disease.
Roos D
Br Med Bull 2016 Jun;118(1):50-63. Epub 2016 Mar 16 doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldw009. PMID: 26983962Free PMC Article
Tuberculosis in pregnancy.
Mnyani CN, McIntyre JA
BJOG 2011 Jan;118(2):226-31. Epub 2010 Nov 18 doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02771.x. PMID: 21083862

Therapy

Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of switching to long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine versus continuing fixed-dose bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide in virologically suppressed adults with HIV, 12-month results (SOLAR): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b, non-inferiority trial.
Ramgopal MN, Castagna A, Cazanave C, Diaz-Brito V, Dretler R, Oka S, Osiyemi O, Walmsley S, Sims J, Di Perri G, Sutton K, Sutherland-Phillips D, Berni A, Latham CL, Zhang F, D'Amico R, Pascual Bernáldez M, Van Solingen-Ristea R, Van Eygen V, Patel P, Chounta V, Spreen WR, Garges HP, Smith K, van Wyk J
Lancet HIV 2023 Sep;10(9):e566-e577. Epub 2023 Aug 8 doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(23)00136-4. PMID: 37567205
Immune-mediated enteropathies: From bench to bedside.
van Wanrooij RLJ, Bontkes HJ, Neefjes-Borst EA, Mulder CJ, Bouma G
J Autoimmun 2021 Mar;118:102609. Epub 2021 Feb 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102609. PMID: 33607573
Novel Antiretroviral Agents.
Cambou MC, Landovitz RJ
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2020 Apr;17(2):118-124. doi: 10.1007/s11904-020-00486-2. PMID: 32052271Free PMC Article
Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Fifty-Two-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
Stohl W, Schwarting A, Okada M, Scheinberg M, Doria A, Hammer AE, Kleoudis C, Groark J, Bass D, Fox NL, Roth D, Gordon D
Arthritis Rheumatol 2017 May;69(5):1016-1027. Epub 2017 Apr 7 doi: 10.1002/art.40049. PMID: 28118533Free PMC Article
Tuberculosis and HIV Coinfection.
Bruchfeld J, Correia-Neves M, Källenius G
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2015 Feb 26;5(7):a017871. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a017871. PMID: 25722472Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, Henrikson HJ, Lu D, Pennini A, Xu R, Ababneh E, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Elsalam SM, Abdoli A, Abedi A, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Adedeji IA, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afzal MS, Aghaali M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed Rashid T, Ahmed Salih Y, Akalu GT, Aklilu A, Akram T, Akunna CJ, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Ali S, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Almasi-Hashiani A, Almasri NA, Al-Maweri SAA, Almustanyir S, Alonso N, Alvis-Guzman N, Amu H, Anbesu EW, Ancuceanu R, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antwi MH, Anvari D, Anyasodor AE, Aqeel M, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aremu O, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Arshad M, Artaman A, Arulappan J, Asemi Z, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Atorkey P, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Awedew AF, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayenew T, Azab MA, Azadnajafabad S, Azari Jafari A, Azarian G, Azzam AY, Badiye AD, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Balakrishnan S, Banach M, Bärnighausen TW, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Behzadifar M, Belgaumi UI, Bezabhe WMM, Bezabih YM, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bisignano C, Bjørge T, Bleyer A, Blyuss O, Bolarinwa OA, Bolla SR, Braithwaite D, Brar A, Brenner H, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano Dos Santos FL, Cao Y, Carreras G, Catalá-López F, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Cernigliaro A, Chakinala RC, Chattu SK, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chimed-Ochir O, Cho DY, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chung MT, Conde J, Cortés S, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cunha AR, Dadras O, Dagnew AB, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, das Neves J, De la Hoz FP, Demis AB, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dhamnetiya D, Dhimal ML, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Djalalinia S, Do HP, Doaei S, Dorostkar F, Dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Driscoll TR, Ebrahimi H, Eftekharzadeh S, El Tantawi M, El-Abid H, Elbarazi I, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, El-Jaafary SI, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Etemadi A, Ezzikouri S, Faisaluddin M, Faraon EJA, Fares J, Farzadfar F, Feroze AH, Ferrero S, Ferro Desideri L, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gadanya MA, Gallus S, Gaspar Fonseca M, Getachew Obsa A, Ghafourifard M, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gholamalizadeh M, Gilani SA, Ginindza TG, Gizaw ATT, Glasbey JC, Golechha M, Goleij P, Gomez RS, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Guerra MR, Guha A, Gunasekera DS, Gupta B, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gutiérrez RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haider MR, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Haque S, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hassanipour S, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Herrera-Serna BY, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Holla R, Hossain MM, Hossain MBH, Hosseini MS, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Huang J, Hugo FN, Hussain R, Hussein NR, Hwang BF, Iavicoli I, Ibitoye SE, Ida F, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Irham LM, Islam JY, Islam RM, Islam SMS, Ismail NE, Isola G, Iwagami M, Jacob L, Jain V, Jakovljevic MB, Javaheri T, Jayaram S, Jazayeri SB, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kahrizi D, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kaliyadan F, Kalkonde Y, Kamath A, Kameran Al-Salihi N, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Karch A, Kasa AS, Katikireddi SV, Kauppila JH, Kavetskyy T, Kebede SA, Keshavarz P, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khalilov R, Khan G, Khan M, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khang YH, Khater AM, Khayamzadeh M, Kim GR, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kopec JA, Koteeswaran R, Koul PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Kucuk Bicer B, Kugbey N, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Kutluk T, La Vecchia C, Lami FH, Landires I, Lauriola P, Lee SW, Lee SWH, Lee WC, Lee YH, Leigh J, Leong E, Li J, Li MC, Liu X, Loureiro JA, Lunevicius R, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Majeed A, Makki A, Male S, Malik AA, Mansournia MA, Martini S, Masoumi SZ, Mathur P, McKee M, Mehrotra R, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR, Misra S, Mithra P, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohammad KA, Mohammad Y, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moosavi MA, Moradi Y, Moraga P, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Mubarik S, Mwanri L, Nagarajan AJ, Nagaraju SP, Nagata C, Naimzada MD, Nangia V, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Ndejjo R, Nduaguba SO, Negoi I, Negru SM, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Niazi RK, Nnaji CA, Noor NM, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Oancea B, Ochir C, Odukoya OO, Ogbo FA, Olagunju AT, Olakunde BO, Omar E, Omar Bali A, Omonisi AEE, Ong S, Onwujekwe OE, Orru H, Ortega-Altamirano DV, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Pana A, Panagiotakos D, Panda-Jonas S, Pardhan S, Park EC, Park EK, Pashazadeh Kan F, Patel HK, Patel JR, Pati S, Pattanshetty SM, Paudel U, Pereira DM, Pereira RB, Perianayagam A, Pillay JD, Pirouzpanah S, Pishgar F, Podder I, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Prashant A, Preotescu L, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Radhakrishnan RA, Radhakrishnan V, Rafiee A, Rahim F, Rahimzadeh S, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rajai N, Rajesh A, Rakovac I, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao SJ, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Roberts TJ, Rodriguez JAB, Rohloff P, Romoli M, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rwegerera GM, S M, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Samaei M, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sankararaman S, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sardiwalla Y, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schneider IJC, Sekerija M, Seylani A, Shafaat O, Shaghaghi Z, Shaikh MA, Shamsoddin E, Shannawaz M, Sharma R, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty A, Shetty JK, Shetty PH, Shibuya K, Shirkoohi R, Shivakumar KM, Shivarov V, Siabani S, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Silva DAS, Singh JA, Sintayehu Y, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Soeberg MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Sotoudeh H, Steiropoulos P, Straif K, Subedi R, Sufiyan MB, Sultan I, Sultana S, Sur D, Szerencsés V, Szócska M, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabuchi T, Tadbiri H, Taherkhani A, Takahashi K, Talaat IM, Tan KK, Tat VY, Tedla BAA, Tefera YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Tesfay FH, Tessema GA, Thapar R, Thavamani A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Thomas N, Tohidinik HR, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran BX, Tran KB, Tran MTN, Tripathy JP, Tusa BS, Ullah I, Ullah S, Umapathi KK, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Vacante M, Vaezi M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Velazquez DZ, Veroux M, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vo B, Volovici V, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Wamai RG, Ward P, Wen YF, Westerman R, Winkler AS, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yaya S, Yazie TSY, Yeshaw Y, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yuce D, Yunusa I, Zadnik V, Zare F, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu C, Ziapour A, Zimmermann IR, Fitzmaurice C, Murray CJL, Force LM
JAMA Oncol 2022 Mar 1;8(3):420-444. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987. PMID: 34967848Free PMC Article
Inflammasome in HIV infection: Lights and shadows.
Leal VNC, Reis EC, Pontillo A
Mol Immunol 2020 Feb;118:9-18. Epub 2019 Dec 10 doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.12.001. PMID: 31835091
Plasma neuronal exosomes serve as biomarkers of cognitive impairment in HIV infection and Alzheimer's disease.
Pulliam L, Sun B, Mustapic M, Chawla S, Kapogiannis D
J Neurovirol 2019 Oct;25(5):702-709. Epub 2019 Jan 4 doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0695-4. PMID: 30610738Free PMC Article
Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories.
Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, Fukutaki K, Fullman N, McGaughey M, Pletcher MA, Smith AE, Tang K, Yuan CW, Brown JC, Friedman J, He J, Heuton KR, Holmberg M, Patel DJ, Reidy P, Carter A, Cercy K, Chapin A, Douwes-Schultz D, Frank T, Goettsch F, Liu PY, Nandakumar V, Reitsma MB, Reuter V, Sadat N, Sorensen RJD, Srinivasan V, Updike RL, York H, Lopez AD, Lozano R, Lim SS, Mokdad AH, Vollset SE, Murray CJL
Lancet 2018 Nov 10;392(10159):2052-2090. Epub 2018 Oct 16 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31694-5. PMID: 30340847Free PMC Article
Androgenetic alopecia: in vivo models.
Sundberg JP, Beamer WG, Uno H, Van Neste D, King LE
Exp Mol Pathol 1999 Oct;67(2):118-30. doi: 10.1006/exmp.1999.2276. PMID: 10527763

Clinical prediction guides

Gastrointestinal parasites in immunocompromised patients; A comparative cross-sectional study.
Sepahvand F, Mamaghani AJ, Ezatpour B, Badparva E, Zebardast N, Fallahi S
Acta Trop 2022 Jul;231:106464. Epub 2022 Apr 12 doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106464. PMID: 35421383
Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories.
Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, Fukutaki K, Fullman N, McGaughey M, Pletcher MA, Smith AE, Tang K, Yuan CW, Brown JC, Friedman J, He J, Heuton KR, Holmberg M, Patel DJ, Reidy P, Carter A, Cercy K, Chapin A, Douwes-Schultz D, Frank T, Goettsch F, Liu PY, Nandakumar V, Reitsma MB, Reuter V, Sadat N, Sorensen RJD, Srinivasan V, Updike RL, York H, Lopez AD, Lozano R, Lim SS, Mokdad AH, Vollset SE, Murray CJL
Lancet 2018 Nov 10;392(10159):2052-2090. Epub 2018 Oct 16 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31694-5. PMID: 30340847Free PMC Article
Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Fifty-Two-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
Stohl W, Schwarting A, Okada M, Scheinberg M, Doria A, Hammer AE, Kleoudis C, Groark J, Bass D, Fox NL, Roth D, Gordon D
Arthritis Rheumatol 2017 May;69(5):1016-1027. Epub 2017 Apr 7 doi: 10.1002/art.40049. PMID: 28118533Free PMC Article
Clinical and Microbiological Features of Salmonella Meningitis in a South African Population, 2003-2013.
Keddy KH, Sooka A, Musekiwa A, Smith AM, Ismail H, Tau NP, Crowther-Gibson P, Angulo FJ, Klugman KP; Group for Enteric, Respiratory and Meningeal Disease Surveillance in South Africa (GERMS-SA)
Clin Infect Dis 2015 Nov 1;61 Suppl 4(Suppl 4):S272-82. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ685. PMID: 26449942Free PMC Article
Antiretroviral therapy response among HIV-2 infected patients: a systematic review.
Ekouevi DK, Tchounga BK, Coffie PA, Tegbe J, Anderson AM, Gottlieb GS, Vitoria M, Dabis F, Eholie SP
BMC Infect Dis 2014 Aug 26;14:461. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-461. PMID: 25154616Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration, Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, Henrikson HJ, Lu D, Pennini A, Xu R, Ababneh E, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Elsalam SM, Abdoli A, Abedi A, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Adedeji IA, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afzal MS, Aghaali M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed Rashid T, Ahmed Salih Y, Akalu GT, Aklilu A, Akram T, Akunna CJ, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Ali S, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Almasi-Hashiani A, Almasri NA, Al-Maweri SAA, Almustanyir S, Alonso N, Alvis-Guzman N, Amu H, Anbesu EW, Ancuceanu R, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antwi MH, Anvari D, Anyasodor AE, Aqeel M, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aremu O, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Arshad M, Artaman A, Arulappan J, Asemi Z, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Atorkey P, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Awedew AF, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayenew T, Azab MA, Azadnajafabad S, Azari Jafari A, Azarian G, Azzam AY, Badiye AD, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Balakrishnan S, Banach M, Bärnighausen TW, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Behzadifar M, Belgaumi UI, Bezabhe WMM, Bezabih YM, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bisignano C, Bjørge T, Bleyer A, Blyuss O, Bolarinwa OA, Bolla SR, Braithwaite D, Brar A, Brenner H, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano Dos Santos FL, Cao Y, Carreras G, Catalá-López F, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Cernigliaro A, Chakinala RC, Chattu SK, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chimed-Ochir O, Cho DY, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chung MT, Conde J, Cortés S, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cunha AR, Dadras O, Dagnew AB, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, das Neves J, De la Hoz FP, Demis AB, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dhamnetiya D, Dhimal ML, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Djalalinia S, Do HP, Doaei S, Dorostkar F, Dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Driscoll TR, Ebrahimi H, Eftekharzadeh S, El Tantawi M, 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