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Direct Extension

MedGen UID:
858963
•Concept ID:
C3899369
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Contiguous Spread; Direct Tumor Extension

Definition

The spread or migration of cancer cells through the wall of an organ into surrounding organs and/or adjacent tissues. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVDirect Extension

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Extramammary Paget's Disease: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Treatment with Focus on Recent Developments.
Ishizuki S, Nakamura Y
Curr Oncol 2021 Aug 5;28(4):2969-2986. doi: 10.3390/curroncol28040260. PMID: 34436026Free PMC Article
Management of neurosurgical implant-associated infections.
Conen A, Raabe A, Schaller K, Fux CA, Vajkoczy P, Trampuz A
Swiss Med Wkly 2020 Apr 20;150:w20208. Epub 2020 Apr 24 doi: 10.4414/smw.2020.20208. PMID: 32329803
Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder: differential diagnosis and clinical relevance.
Zhong M, Gersbach E, Rohan SM, Yang XJ
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013 Mar;137(3):371-81. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2012-0076-RA. PMID: 23451748

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Anatomy, Imaging, and Pathologic Conditions of the Brachial Plexus.
Gilcrease-Garcia BM, Deshmukh SD, Parsons MS
Radiographics 2020 Oct;40(6):1686-1714. doi: 10.1148/rg.2020200012. PMID: 33001787
Non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder.
Park S, Reuter VE, Hansel DE
Histopathology 2019 Jan;74(1):97-111. doi: 10.1111/his.13719. PMID: 30565306
Cytoreduction for colorectal metastases: liver, lung, peritoneum, lymph nodes, bone, brain. When does it palliate, prolong survival, and potentially cure?
Stewart CL, Warner S, Ito K, Raoof M, Wu GX, Kessler J, Kim JY, Fong Y
Curr Probl Surg 2018 Sep;55(9):330-379. Epub 2018 Oct 4 doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2018.08.004. PMID: 30526930Free PMC Article
Neoplastic pericardial effusion.
Refaat MM, Katz WE
Clin Cardiol 2011 Oct;34(10):593-8. Epub 2011 Sep 16 doi: 10.1002/clc.20936. PMID: 21928406Free PMC Article
Mucormycosis.
Sugar AM
Clin Infect Dis 1992 Mar;14 Suppl 1:S126-9. doi: 10.1093/clinids/14.supplement_1.s126. PMID: 1562684

Diagnosis

Extramammary Paget's Disease: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Treatment with Focus on Recent Developments.
Ishizuki S, Nakamura Y
Curr Oncol 2021 Aug 5;28(4):2969-2986. doi: 10.3390/curroncol28040260. PMID: 34436026Free PMC Article
Anatomy, Imaging, and Pathologic Conditions of the Brachial Plexus.
Gilcrease-Garcia BM, Deshmukh SD, Parsons MS
Radiographics 2020 Oct;40(6):1686-1714. doi: 10.1148/rg.2020200012. PMID: 33001787
Cytoreduction for colorectal metastases: liver, lung, peritoneum, lymph nodes, bone, brain. When does it palliate, prolong survival, and potentially cure?
Stewart CL, Warner S, Ito K, Raoof M, Wu GX, Kessler J, Kim JY, Fong Y
Curr Probl Surg 2018 Sep;55(9):330-379. Epub 2018 Oct 4 doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2018.08.004. PMID: 30526930Free PMC Article
Pediatric intracranial abscesses.
Bonfield CM, Sharma J, Dobson S
J Infect 2015 Jun;71 Suppl 1:S42-6. Epub 2015 Apr 24 doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.04.012. PMID: 25917804
Meniscal cysts.
Lantz B, Singer KM
Clin Sports Med 1990 Jul;9(3):707-25. PMID: 2199079

Therapy

Management of neurosurgical implant-associated infections.
Conen A, Raabe A, Schaller K, Fux CA, Vajkoczy P, Trampuz A
Swiss Med Wkly 2020 Apr 20;150:w20208. Epub 2020 Apr 24 doi: 10.4414/smw.2020.20208. PMID: 32329803
Cytoreduction for colorectal metastases: liver, lung, peritoneum, lymph nodes, bone, brain. When does it palliate, prolong survival, and potentially cure?
Stewart CL, Warner S, Ito K, Raoof M, Wu GX, Kessler J, Kim JY, Fong Y
Curr Probl Surg 2018 Sep;55(9):330-379. Epub 2018 Oct 4 doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2018.08.004. PMID: 30526930Free PMC Article
Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.
Grossman SA, Krabak MJ
Cancer Treat Rev 1999 Apr;25(2):103-19. doi: 10.1053/ctrv.1999.0119. PMID: 10395835
Fungal infections.
Chimelli L, Mahler-Araujo MB
Brain Pathol 1997 Jan;7(1):613-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.1997.tb01078.x. PMID: 9034569Free PMC Article
Mucormycosis.
Sugar AM
Clin Infect Dis 1992 Mar;14 Suppl 1:S126-9. doi: 10.1093/clinids/14.supplement_1.s126. PMID: 1562684

Prognosis

Extramammary Paget's Disease: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Treatment with Focus on Recent Developments.
Ishizuki S, Nakamura Y
Curr Oncol 2021 Aug 5;28(4):2969-2986. doi: 10.3390/curroncol28040260. PMID: 34436026Free PMC Article
Anatomy, Imaging, and Pathologic Conditions of the Brachial Plexus.
Gilcrease-Garcia BM, Deshmukh SD, Parsons MS
Radiographics 2020 Oct;40(6):1686-1714. doi: 10.1148/rg.2020200012. PMID: 33001787
Cytoreduction for colorectal metastases: liver, lung, peritoneum, lymph nodes, bone, brain. When does it palliate, prolong survival, and potentially cure?
Stewart CL, Warner S, Ito K, Raoof M, Wu GX, Kessler J, Kim JY, Fong Y
Curr Probl Surg 2018 Sep;55(9):330-379. Epub 2018 Oct 4 doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2018.08.004. PMID: 30526930Free PMC Article
Parotidectomy for Parotid Cancer.
Cracchiolo JR, Shaha AR
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2016 Apr;49(2):415-24. Epub 2016 Feb 17 doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2015.10.007. PMID: 26895698Free PMC Article
Neoplastic pericardial effusion.
Refaat MM, Katz WE
Clin Cardiol 2011 Oct;34(10):593-8. Epub 2011 Sep 16 doi: 10.1002/clc.20936. PMID: 21928406Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

5-year follow-up of the randomised Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT) of continued support for weight loss maintenance in the UK: an extension study.
Lean ME, Leslie WS, Barnes AC, Brosnahan N, Thom G, McCombie L, Kelly T, Irvine K, Peters C, Zhyzhneuskaya S, Hollingsworth KG, Adamson AJ, Sniehotta FF, Mathers JC, McIlvenna Y, Welsh P, McConnachie A, McIntosh A, Sattar N, Taylor R
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024 Apr;12(4):233-246. Epub 2024 Feb 26 doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(23)00385-6. PMID: 38423026
Cytoreduction for colorectal metastases: liver, lung, peritoneum, lymph nodes, bone, brain. When does it palliate, prolong survival, and potentially cure?
Stewart CL, Warner S, Ito K, Raoof M, Wu GX, Kessler J, Kim JY, Fong Y
Curr Probl Surg 2018 Sep;55(9):330-379. Epub 2018 Oct 4 doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2018.08.004. PMID: 30526930Free PMC Article
Parotidectomy for Parotid Cancer.
Cracchiolo JR, Shaha AR
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2016 Apr;49(2):415-24. Epub 2016 Feb 17 doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2015.10.007. PMID: 26895698Free PMC Article
Epithelial ovarian cancer experimental models.
Lengyel E, Burdette JE, Kenny HA, Matei D, Pilrose J, Haluska P, Nephew KP, Hales DB, Stack MS
Oncogene 2014 Jul 10;33(28):3619-33. Epub 2013 Aug 12 doi: 10.1038/onc.2013.321. PMID: 23934194Free PMC Article
Neoplastic pericardial effusion.
Refaat MM, Katz WE
Clin Cardiol 2011 Oct;34(10):593-8. Epub 2011 Sep 16 doi: 10.1002/clc.20936. PMID: 21928406Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Surgical management of renal cell carcinoma invading the liver - a case report and systematic review.
Tosh JM, Navriya SC, Kumar S, Singh S, Ramachandra D, Khandari A
Pol Przegl Chir 2022 Mar 1;94(4):37-44. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7678. PMID: 36047362
Imaging in mediastinitis: a systematic review based on aetiology.
Akman C, Kantarci F, Cetinkaya S
Clin Radiol 2004 Jul;59(7):573-85. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2003.12.001. PMID: 15208062

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