Apoa2 apolipoprotein A-II [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Apoa2provided by MGI
Official Full Name: apolipoprotein A-IIprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:88050
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000005681 AllianceGenome:MGI:88050
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Alp-2; Hdl-1; ApoAII; Apoa-2; Apo-AII; ApoA-II
Summary: This gene encodes a component of high density lipoproteins (HDL). Mice lacking the encoded protein have low HDL-cholesterol levels, smaller HDL particles, increased clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and insulin hypersensitivity. Transgenic mice overexpressing the encoded protein have elevated levels of HDL-cholesterol and show increased susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]
Expression: Biased expression in liver adult (RPKM 4143.8), liver E18 (RPKM 1768.2) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1 H3; 1 79.22 cM

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	1	NC_000067.7 (171049133..171053948)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	1	NC_000067.6 (171221564..171226379)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000067.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system inhibit early induction stages of mouse apolipoprotein A-II amyloidosis.
Title: Macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system inhibit early induction stages of mouse apolipoprotein A-II amyloidosis.
High Apolipoprotein A-II is associated with acute-phase response and AA amyloidosis by conformational changes of plasma lipoprotein structure.
Title: Apolipoprotein A-II induces acute-phase response associated AA amyloidosis in mice through conformational changes of plasma lipoprotein structure.
Study reports a deterministic role for the B6 apoa2 gene polymorphism in respiratory rhythmogenesis. The in vivo inheritance pattern discloses a recessive effect of the B6 allele on the apnea phenotype, as the presence of both B6 alleles in the brain is required for transcript and trait expression; in contrast, apoa2 mRNA expression in the liver requires only one allele.
Title: C57BL/6J mouse apolipoprotein A2 gene is deterministic for apnea.
The C-terminal APOA2F peptide might inhibit further extension of amyloid fibrils by blocking the active ends of nuclei.
Title: C-terminal sequence of amyloid-resistant type F apolipoprotein A-II inhibits amyloid fibril formation of apolipoprotein A-II in mice.
Data show that reticulum (ER) stress responses differed among tissues with extracellular AApoAII amyloid fibril deposition.
Title: Extracellular deposition of mouse senile AApoAII amyloid fibrils induced different unfolded protein responses in the liver, kidney, and heart.
In vivo, neither C57 nor FVB apoA-II protein levels are affected by the absence of apoE, while an apoE/apoA-I double deficiency results in a 50% decrease of plasma FVB apoA-II but results in undetectable levels of C57 apoA-II in the plasma.
Title: Polymorphisms of mouse apolipoprotein A-II alter its physical and functional nature.
ApoA-I deficiency in mice is associated with redistribution of apoA-II and aggravated AApoAII amyloidosis.
Title: ApoA-I deficiency in mice is associated with redistribution of apoA-II and aggravated AApoAII amyloidosis.
Exacerbated hepatitis is observed in ApoA-II-deficient mice, indicating that ApoA-II plays a suppressive role in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis under physiological conditions.
Title: Apolipoprotein A-II suppressed concanavalin A-induced hepatitis via the inhibition of CD4 T cell function.
To understand the mechanism of amyloid fibril formation by apoA-II, we examined the polymerization of synthetic partial peptides of apoA-II in vitro.
Title: Amyloid fibrils formed by selective N-, C-terminal sequences of mouse apolipoprotein A-II.
These results are compatible with a role for apolipoproteins in lipid metabolism and transport in the developing lung in association with the sex difference in surfactant lipid synthesis.
Title: Apolipoprotein A-I, A-II, C-II, and H expression in the developing lung and sex difference in surfactant lipids.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (17)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (1)
Not Applicable (6) 1 citation
Targeted (1) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Apoa2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141108

Apoa2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141109

PMC316377P4 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272971

Apoa2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:506734

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables apolipoprotein receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables cholesterol binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables cholesterol transfer activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
contributes_to cholesterol transfer activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables cholesterol transfer activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables enzyme binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables heat shock protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables high-density lipoprotein particle binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables high-density lipoprotein particle binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables high-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables lipase inhibitor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables lipid binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables lipid transporter activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables phosphatidylcholine binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables phospholipid binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein heterodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein homodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables signaling receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in animal organ regeneration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cholesterol efflux	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cholesterol homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cholesterol homeostasis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cholesterol homeostasis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cholesterol homeostasis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cholesterol homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cholesterol metabolic process	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within cholesterol metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cholesterol transport	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cholesterol transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in diacylglycerol catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in high-density lipoprotein particle assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in high-density lipoprotein particle clearance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lipid transport	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within lipoprotein metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cholesterol import	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cholesterol transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cholesterol transporter activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of lipase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of lipase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of lipid catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in peptidyl-methionine modification	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in phospholipid catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in phospholipid efflux	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of CoA-transferase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-8 production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of lipid catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of phagocytosis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein oxidation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein stabilization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of protein stability	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to glucose	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in reverse cholesterol transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle remodeling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of chylomicron	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of high-density lipoprotein particle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of spherical high-density lipoprotein particle	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of spherical high-density lipoprotein particle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of very-low-density lipoprotein particle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: apolipoprotein A-II

Names: apolipoprotein A2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001305549.1 → NP_001292478.1 apolipoprotein A-II preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001292478.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, 3 and 4 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AC084821, BY780589, X62772

Consensus CDS

CCDS35773.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P09813, Q3UKX6, Q61317

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A7YL62

Related

ENSMUSP00000106953.2, ENSMUST00000111321.8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04711
Location:24 → 98

ApoA-II; Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II)
NM_001305550.1 → NP_001292479.1 apolipoprotein A-II preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001292479.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, 3 and 4 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AC084821, BY780589, X62772

Consensus CDS

CCDS35773.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P09813, Q3UKX6, Q61317

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A7YL62

Related

ENSMUSP00000106952.2, ENSMUST00000111320.8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04711
Location:24 → 98

ApoA-II; Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II)
NM_001305585.1 → NP_001292514.1 apolipoprotein A-II preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001292514.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR and represents use of an alternate promoter, compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, 3 and 4 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AC084821, BU609941

Consensus CDS

CCDS35773.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P09813, Q3UKX6, Q61317

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A7YL62

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04711
Location:24 → 98

ApoA-II; Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II)
NM_013474.2 → NP_038502.2 apolipoprotein A-II preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_038502.2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the functional protein. Variants 1, 2, 3 and 4 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AK145823, BY780589, CB947382

Consensus CDS

CCDS35773.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P09813, Q3UKX6, Q61317

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A7YL62

Related

ENSMUSP00000005824.6, ENSMUST00000005824.12

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04711
Location:24 → 98

ApoA-II; Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II)

RNA

NR_131173.1 RNA Sequence

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (5) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' region and lacks an alternate internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the predicted protein does not meet RefSeq quality criteria.

Source sequence(s)

AA060885, AC084821, BY780589