Eqtn equatorin, sperm acrosome associated [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Eqtnprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: equatorin, sperm acrosome associatedprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:1915003
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000028575 AllianceGenome:MGI:1915003
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Afaf; Eqtl; Eqts; 1700028B15Rik; 4930579C15Rik
Summary: Acts upstream of or within acrosomal vesicle exocytosis; endocytosis; and fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization. Located in several cellular components, including acrosomal membrane; early endosome; and nucleus. Orthologous to human EQTN (equatorin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 7.6), cortex adult (RPKM 0.6) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4 C5; 4 43.34 cM

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	4	NC_000070.7 (94763930..94818189, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	4	NC_000070.6 (94875697..94929953, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000070.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

EQUATORIN-deficient sperm have significantly reduced fertility due to sperm-egg adhesion failure.
Title: Deletion of Eqtn in mice reduces male fertility and sperm-egg adhesion.
MN9, a monoclonal antibody raised against mouse spermatozoa, specifically recognizes the equatorial segment of sperm head in several mammalian species, including humans. The immunoreactive bands were 38 kDa and 48 kDa in mouse, and 48 kDa in rat.
Title: Characterization of the antigen recognized by a monoclonal antibody MN9: unique transport pathway to the equatorial segment of sperm head during spermiogenesis.
Equatorin associating with Spesp1 is involved in sperm-egg adhesion to fusion, which is independent of Izumo1, CD9 and Juno.
Title: Deletion of Eqtn in mice reduces male fertility and sperm-egg adhesion.
GeneRIF: EQUATORIN associating with SPESP1 is involved in sperm-egg adhesion leading to male fertility.
Title: Deletion of Eqtn in mice reduces male fertility and sperm-egg adhesion.
The fertilization and induced acrosome exocytosis rates of Eqtn-deficient sperm were dramatically reduced.
Title: Equatorin is not essential for acrosome biogenesis but is required for the acrosome reaction.
The present study aims to clarify the morphology associated with the integration of the mouse fertilization-related acrosomal protein equatorin (mEQT) into the developing acrosome.
Title: Integration of the mouse sperm fertilization-related protein equatorin into the acrosome during spermatogenesis as revealed by super-resolution and immunoelectron microscopy.
Equatorin-based progression model will be useful for analyzing not only the behavior of equatorin but also of other molecules of interest involved in the acrosome reaction.
Title: A model of the acrosome reaction progression via the acrosomal membrane-anchored protein equatorin.
Acrosome formation-associated factor (Afaf) might play an important role in membrane trafficking during acrosome formation and participate in fertilization.
Title: Acrosome formation-associated factor is involved in fertilization.
Afaf expressed abundantly in the round spermatids, localized in the inner and outer membrane of forming acrosome, and declined in the maturing acrosomes.
Title: Afaf, a novel vesicle membrane protein, is related to acrosome formation in murine testis.

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Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (1)
Targeted (2) 1 citation

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in acrosomal vesicle exocytosis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within acrosomal vesicle exocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within acrosome assembly	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in endocytosis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within endocytosis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within establishment of localization in cell	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in early endosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in inner acrosomal membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in inner acrosomal membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in outer acrosomal membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in outer acrosomal membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: equatorin

Names: MN9 antigen; acrosome formation associated factor; sperm-specific single transmembrane domain protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001290623.1 → NP_001277552.1 equatorin isoform 2 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses alternate in-frame splice sites in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2, which lacks an internal segment and is shorter, compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK016313, AK016738, BB018628, BB572592, BE632290, BY716419

Consensus CDS

CCDS71422.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7SXT6

Related

ENSMUSP00000102714.3, ENSMUST00000107097.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15339
Location:64 → 245

Afaf; Acrosome formation-associated factor
NM_027089.4 → NP_081365.2 equatorin isoform 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_081365.2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AK006446, AK016313, AK016738, BB018628, BB572592, BE632290

Consensus CDS

CCDS18362.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A2AJE0, Q2LCV5, Q5FWB0, Q9D9V2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7SXT5

Related

ENSMUSP00000030309.6, ENSMUST00000030309.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15339
Location:64 → 245

Afaf; Acrosome formation-associated factor

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000070.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

94763930..94818189 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006503333.5 → XP_006503396.1 equatorin isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7SXT5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15339
Location:64 → 252

Afaf; Acrosome formation-associated factor