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    Rac2 Rac family small GTPase 2 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 19354, updated on 12-May-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Rac2provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    Rac family small GTPase 2provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:97846
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000033220 AllianceGenome:MGI:97846
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Summary
    Enables GTPase activity and protein kinase regulator activity. Involved in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly; regulation of leukocyte activation; and regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; actin cytoskeleton organization; and cell projection assembly. Located in cytoplasm; membrane; and nuclear envelope. Is expressed in heart. Used to study immunodeficiency 73b with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and lymphopenia. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in immunodeficiency 73a with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and leukocytosis; immunodeficiency 73b with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and lymphopenia; and immunodeficiency 73c with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and hypogammaglobulinemia. Orthologous to human RAC2 (Rac family small GTPase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Biased expression in spleen adult (RPKM 361.0), thymus adult (RPKM 337.1) and 8 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Rac2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    15 E1; 15 37.57 cM
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 15 NC_000081.7 (78443369..78456983, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 15 NC_000081.6 (78559169..78572783, complement)

    Chromosome 15 - NC_000081.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene somatostatin receptor 3 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39149 Neighboring gene L antigen family, member 3 pseudogene Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr15:78394443-78394712 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr15:78402050-78402237 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E11809 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 36738 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E4140 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr15:78412317-78412601 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E9915 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E11597 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E2444 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E10866 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 52186 Neighboring gene cytohesin 4

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Rac2 is involved in bleomycin-induced lung inflammation leading to pulmonary fibrosis. Arizmendi N, et al. Respir Res, 2014 Jun 27. PMID 24970330, Free PMC Article
    2. The Rac-FRET mouse reveals tight spatiotemporal control of Rac activity in primary cells and tissues. Johnsson AE, et al. Cell Rep, 2014 Mar 27. PMID 24630994, Free PMC Article
    3. Osteoclasts lacking Rac2 have defective chemotaxis and resorptive activity. Itokowa T, et al. Calcif Tissue Int, 2011 Jan. PMID 21110188, Free PMC Article
    4. Rac2 GTPase deficiency depletes BCR-ABL+ leukemic stem cells and progenitors in vivo. Sengupta A, et al. Blood, 2010 Jul 8. PMID 20407032, Free PMC Article
    5. Regulation of inflammation by Rac2 in immune complex-mediated acute lung injury. Dooley JL, et al. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2009 Dec. PMID 19801448, Free PMC Article

    See all (151) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Rac2 regulates immune complex-mediated granule polarization and exocytosis in neutrophils.
      Title: Rac2 regulates immune complex-mediated granule polarization and exocytosis in neutrophils.
    2. HIF-1alpha promotes paraquat induced acute lung injury and implicates a role NF-kappaB and Rac2 activity.
      Title: HIF-1α promotes paraquat induced acute lung injury and implicates a role NF-κB and Rac2 activity.
    3. Combinatorial genetics reveals the Dock1-Rac2 axis as a potential target for the treatment of NPM1;Cohesin mutated AML.
      Title: Combinatorial genetics reveals the Dock1-Rac2 axis as a potential target for the treatment of NPM1;Cohesin mutated AML.
    4. Macrophage ALDH2 (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2) Stabilizing Rac2 Is Required for Efferocytosis Internalization and Reduction of Atherosclerosis Development.
      Title: Macrophage ALDH2 (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2) Stabilizing Rac2 Is Required for Efferocytosis Internalization and Reduction of Atherosclerosis Development.
    5. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent regulation of Rac GTPases and Akt in histamine-induced chemotaxis of mast cells.
      Title: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent regulation of Rac GTPases and Akt in histamine-induced chemotaxis of mast cells.
    6. Escherichia coli Rho GTPase-activating toxin CNF1 mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation via p21-activated kinases-1/2 during bacteraemia in mice.
      Title: Escherichia coli Rho GTPase-activating toxin CNF1 mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation via p21-activated kinases-1/2 during bacteraemia in mice.
    7. Rac1/2 activation promotes FGFR1 driven leukemogenesis in stem cell leukemia/lymphoma syndrome.
      Title: Rac1/2 activation promotes FGFR1 driven leukemogenesis in stem cell leukemia/lymphoma syndrome.
    8. Opposing roles of hematopoietic-specific small GTPase Rac2 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 in osteoclast differentiation.
      Title: Opposing roles of hematopoietic-specific small GTPase Rac2 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 in osteoclast differentiation.
    9. HACE1 Prevents Lung Carcinogenesis via Inhibition of RAC-Family GTPases.
      Title: HACE1 Prevents Lung Carcinogenesis via Inhibition of RAC-Family GTPases.
    10. Rac1 and Rac2 have distinct and essential roles in intracellular signaling downstream of H4 receptor-PI3K in histamine-induced chemotaxis of mast cells
      Title: Distinct Roles of Small GTPases Rac1 and Rac2 in Histamine H(4) Receptor-Mediated Chemotaxis of Mast Cells.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (69)

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables GTP binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables GTP binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables GTPase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables GTPase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables nucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase regulator activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within actin cytoskeleton organization IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in actin filament organization IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in actin filament organization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in bone resorption ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of cell population proliferation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of cell population proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cell projection assembly IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in chemotaxis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within chemotaxis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within erythrocyte enucleation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in lymphocyte aggregation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of mast cell proliferation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of mast cell proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of mast cell proliferation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of mast cell proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of T cell proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of cell-substrate adhesion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of mast cell chemotaxis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of mast cell degranulation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of neutrophil migration ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of respiratory burst ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in small GTPase-mediated signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    colocalizes_with actin filament ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosol ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in lamellipodium ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nuclear envelope IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2
    Names
    EN-7 protein
    RAS-related C3 botulinum substrate 2
    p21-Rac2
    protein EN-7

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_009008.3 → NP_033034.1  ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_033034.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AK171321, AL590144
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS27619.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q05144, Q3TBC4, Q9D8X9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BPG5, Q9D859
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000036384.7, ENSMUST00000043214.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01871
      Location:3 → 176
      Rac1_like; Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1)-like consists of Rac1, Rac2 and Rac3

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000081.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      78443369..78456983 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q05144.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q05144

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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