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    Gls2 glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial) [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 216456, updated on 21-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Gls2provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial)provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:2143539
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000044005 AllianceGenome:MGI:2143539
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    GA; GLS; Lga; A330074B06Rik
    Summary
    Predicted to enable glutaminase activity. Predicted to be involved in glutamate biosynthetic process and glutamine catabolic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within reactive oxygen species metabolic process and regulation of apoptotic process. Located in mitochondrion. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; limb; nervous system; skeleton; and urinary system. Orthologous to human GLS2 (glutaminase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Biased expression in liver adult (RPKM 304.4) and liver E18 (RPKM 21.8) See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    10 D3; 10 76.44 cM
    Exon count:
    18
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 10 NC_000076.7 (128030504..128045873)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 10 NC_000076.6 (128194635..128210004)

    Chromosome 10 - NC_000076.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RNA binding motif, single stranded interacting protein 2 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E11466 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_28269 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E11760 Neighboring gene predicted gene 4556 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E725 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E10659 Neighboring gene SPRY domain containing 4 Neighboring gene timeless circadian clock 1 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 26847 Neighboring gene major intrinsic protein of lens fiber Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_28273

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Role of Glutaminase 2 in Promoting CD4+ T Cell Production of Interleukin-2 by Supporting Antioxidant Defense in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Hisada R, et al. Arthritis Rheumatol, 2022 Jul. PMID 35254008, Free PMC Article
    2. Glutaminase 2 knockdown reduces hyperammonemia and associated lethality of urea cycle disorder mouse model. Mao X, et al. J Inherit Metab Dis, 2022 May. PMID 34988999, Free PMC Article
    3. Targeting hepatic glutaminase activity to ameliorate hyperglycemia. Miller RA, et al. Nat Med, 2018 May. PMID 29578539, Free PMC Article
    4. GLS2 Is a Tumor Suppressor and a Regulator of Ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Suzuki S, et al. Cancer Res, 2022 Sep 16. PMID 35895807
    5. PPARα Downregulates Hepatic Glutaminase Expression in Mice Fed Diets with Different Protein:Carbohydrate Ratios. Velázquez-Villegas LA, et al. J Nutr, 2016 Sep. PMID 27466601

    See all (33) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. LRH-1 activation alleviates diabetes-induced podocyte injury by promoting GLS2-mediated glutaminolysis.
      Title: LRH-1 activation alleviates diabetes-induced podocyte injury by promoting GLS2-mediated glutaminolysis.
    2. Role of Glutaminase 2 in Promoting CD4+ T Cell Production of Interleukin-2 by Supporting Antioxidant Defense in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
      Title: Role of Glutaminase 2 in Promoting CD4+ T Cell Production of Interleukin-2 by Supporting Antioxidant Defense in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
    3. Glutaminase 2 knockdown reduces hyperammonemia and associated lethality of urea cycle disorder mouse model.
      Title: Glutaminase 2 knockdown reduces hyperammonemia and associated lethality of urea cycle disorder mouse model.
    4. Data (including data from studies in knockout/transgenic mice) suggest Ppp2ca supports cortical neuronal growth and cognitive function via regulating p73/Gls2 signal transduction in neurons of hippocampus. Ppp2ca gene knock-out results in embryonic cortical atrophy with learning/memory deficits. (Ppp2ca = protein phosphatase 2a catalytic subunit alpha isoform; p73 = transformation related protein 73; Gls2 = glutaminase-2)
      Title: Protein phosphatase 2ACα gene knock-out results in cortical atrophy through activating hippo cascade in neuronal progenitor cells.
    5. Gls2 expression is regulated by the dietary protein/carbohydrate ratio. This effect was not observed in Ppara-null mice.
      Title: PPARα Downregulates Hepatic Glutaminase Expression in Mice Fed Diets with Different Protein:Carbohydrate Ratios.
    6. Study demonstrated expression of alternative transcripts of the mammalian Gls2 gene. Transcriptional mechanisms giving rise to GLS2 variants and isolation of novel GLS2 transcripts in human, rat and mouse are presented.
      Title: Mammalian glutaminase Gls2 gene encodes two functional alternative transcripts by a surrogate promoter usage mechanism.
    7. Phosphate-activated glutaminase (GLS2) is a p53-inducible regulator of glutamine metabolism and reactive oxygen species
      Title: Phosphate-activated glutaminase (GLS2), a p53-inducible regulator of glutamine metabolism and reactive oxygen species.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • KIAA4146

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables glutaminase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables hydrolase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glutamine catabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glutamine metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within reactive oxygen species metabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of apoptotic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in mitochondrion HDA PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial
    Names
    L-glutaminase
    L-glutamine amidohydrolase
    liver mitochondrial glutaminase
    NP_001028436.2
    NP_001272706.1
    NP_001272708.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001033264.3 → NP_001028436.2  glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001028436.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC135859, AK220231
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS24263.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2RUF2, Q3TMJ6, Q571F8
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000047376.7, ENSMUST00000044776.13
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      sd00045
      Location:490 → 516
      ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
      pfam12796
      Location:490 → 572
      Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
      pfam17959
      Location:72 → 155
      EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain
      pfam04960
      Location:177 → 463
      Glutaminase

    2. NM_001285777.1 → NP_001272706.1  glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region and uses a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2 which has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC135859
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd00204
      Location:301 → 389
      ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...
      pfam04960
      Location:17 → 274
      Glutaminase; Glutaminase
      pfam13637
      Location:331 → 383
      Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)
      sd00045
      Location:301 → 327
      ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

    3. NM_001285779.1 → NP_001272708.1  glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001272708.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' region and uses a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3 which has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC135859
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3TGF1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd00204
      Location:225 → 313
      ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...
      pfam04960
      Location:1 → 198
      Glutaminase; Glutaminase
      pfam13637
      Location:255 → 307
      Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)
      sd00045
      Location:225 → 251
      ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000076.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      128030504..128045873
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q571F8.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q571F8

    Gene LinkOut

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