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    Gem GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 14579, updated on 11-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Gemprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscleprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:99844
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000028214 AllianceGenome:MGI:99844
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Summary
    Predicted to enable several functions, including calcium channel regulator activity; guanyl ribonucleotide binding activity; and magnesium ion binding activity. Predicted to be involved in chromosome organization; metaphase plate congression; and mitotic cell cycle. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including clavicle; dorsal grey horn; gut; telencephalon ventricular layer; and tooth. Orthologous to human GEM (GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Broad expression in ovary adult (RPKM 36.0), lung adult (RPKM 14.1) and 16 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    4 A1; 4 5.34 cM
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 4 NC_000070.7 (11702379..11714993)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 4 NC_000070.6 (11704447..11714993)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_000070.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_09604 Neighboring gene eukaryotic translation initiation factor pseudogene Neighboring gene predicted gene, 35884 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E2103 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer mm1633 Neighboring gene cadherin 17 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_09605 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_09606 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 54235

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. A light-induced small G-protein gem limits the circadian clock phase-shift magnitude by inhibiting voltage-dependent calcium channels. Matsuo M, et al. Cell Rep, 2022 May 24. PMID 35613591
    2. Mice deficient in GEM GTPase show abnormal glucose homeostasis due to defects in beta-cell calcium handling. Gunton JE, et al. PLoS One, 2012. PMID 22761801, Free PMC Article
    3. Nuclear transport of Kir/Gem requires specific signals and importin alpha5 and is regulated by calmodulin and predicted serine phosphorylations. Mahalakshmi RN, et al. Traffic, 2007 Sep. PMID 17605761
    4. Direct inhibition of the interaction between alpha-interaction domain and beta-interaction domain of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels by Gem. Sasaki T, et al. J Biol Chem, 2005 Mar 11. PMID 15615719
    5. RGK small GTP-binding proteins interact with the nucleotide kinase domain of Ca2+-channel beta-subunits via an uncommon effector binding domain. Béguin P, et al. J Biol Chem, 2007 Apr 13. PMID 17303572

    See all (38) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Ras-like Gem GTPase induced by Npas4 promotes activity-dependent neuronal tolerance for ischemic stroke.
      Title: Ras-like Gem GTPase induced by Npas4 promotes activity-dependent neuronal tolerance for ischemic stroke.
    2. The atypical small GTPase GEM/Kir is a negative regulator of the NADPH oxidase and NETs production through macroautophagy.
      Title: The atypical small GTPase GEM/Kir is a negative regulator of the NADPH oxidase and NETs production through macroautophagy.
    3. Rad, Gem and Rem all reduce depolarization-dependent Ca2+ entry in developing myotubes.
      Title: RGK protein-mediated impairment of slow depolarization- dependent Ca2+ entry into developing myotubes.
    4. These results suggest that Gem plays an important role in normal beta-cell function by regulation of calcium signalling.
      Title: Mice deficient in GEM GTPase show abnormal glucose homeostasis due to defects in beta-cell calcium handling.
    5. Results identify specific nuclear localization signals (NLS) in Kir/Gem that are both required and sufficient for nuclear transport.
      Title: Nuclear transport of Kir/Gem requires specific signals and importin alpha5 and is regulated by calmodulin and predicted serine phosphorylations.
    6. Mechanism of the inhibition of calcium channel activity by Gem.
      Title: Direct inhibition of the interaction between alpha-interaction domain and beta-interaction domain of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels by Gem.
    7. docking of the RGK protein to the nucleotide-kinase domain of the Cavbeta subunit is reminiscent of the binding of GMP to guanylate kinase
      Title: RGK small GTP-binding proteins interact with the nucleotide kinase domain of Ca2+-channel beta-subunits via an uncommon effector binding domain.
    8. protein expression regulation; calcium channel expression
      Title: Regulation of Ca2+ channel expression at the cell surface by the small G-protein kir/Gem.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Targeted (4)  1 citation
    • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables GDP binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables GTP binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables GTP binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables GTPase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables calcium channel regulator activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables magnesium ion binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables nucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in chromosome organization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in metaphase chromosome alignment ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mitotic cell cycle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in midbody ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitotic spindle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in spindle midzone ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    GTP-binding protein GEM
    Names
    GTP binding protein (gene overexpressed in skeletal muscle)
    GTP-binding mitogen-induced T-cell protein
    RAS-like protein KIR
    NP_034406.2
    XP_036019576.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_010276.4 → NP_034406.2  GTP-binding protein GEM

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034406.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AK158393, AK168401, BY574090
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS17971.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P55041, Q8JZS1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3TH76
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000103939.3, ENSMUST00000108304.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00010
      Location:75 → 241
      small_GTPase; Small GTPase of the Ras superfamily; ill-defined subfamily
      cd04148
      Location:75 → 295
      RGK; Rem, Rem2, Rad, Gem/Kir (RGK) subfamily of Ras GTPases

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000070.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      11702379..11714993
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_036163683.1 → XP_036019576.1  GTP-binding protein GEM isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd04148
      Location:75 → 281
      RGK; Rem, Rem2, Rad, Gem/Kir (RGK) subfamily of Ras GTPases
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P55041.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P55041

    Gene LinkOut

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