Apoh apolipoprotein H [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Apohprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: apolipoprotein Hprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:88058
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000000049 AllianceGenome:MGI:88058
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: B2GPI; beta2-GPI; beta-2-GPI
Summary: Predicted to enable identical protein binding activity; lipoprotein lipase activator activity; and phospholipid binding activity. Acts upstream of or within regulation of blood coagulation. Located in extracellular space. Is expressed in liver lobe and lung. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in antiphospholipid syndrome; myocardial infarction; and peripheral vascular disease. Orthologous to human APOH (apolipoprotein H). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Biased expression in liver E18 (RPKM 1780.2), liver adult (RPKM 813.8) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11 E1; 11 71.8 cM

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	11	NC_000077.7 (108286123..108305222)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	11	NC_000077.6 (108395297..108414396)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000077.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

beta2-glycoprotein I promotes the clearance of circulating mitochondria.
Title: β2-glycoprotein I promotes the clearance of circulating mitochondria.
Effects of apolipoprotein H downregulation on lipid metabolism, fatty liver disease, and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Title: Effects of apolipoprotein H downregulation on lipid metabolism, fatty liver disease, and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Alcohol-dependent downregulation of apolipoprotein H exacerbates fatty liver and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice.
Title: Alcohol-dependent downregulation of apolipoprotein H exacerbates fatty liver and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice.
Betaeta-2-glycoprotein I exerts antithrombotic function through its domain V in mice.
Title: Βeta-2-glycoprotein I exerts antithrombotic function through its domain V in mice.
Exosome-Contained APOH Associated With Antiphospholipid Syndrome.
Title: Exosome-Contained APOH Associated With Antiphospholipid Syndrome.
self-antigen (i.e. beta2 GPI) presented in the context of necroptosis and proinflammatory signals may be sufficient to overcome immune tolerance and induce Systemic lupus erythematosus.
Title: Necroptotic cell binding of β(2) -glycoprotein I provides a potential autoantigenic stimulus in systemic lupus erythematosus.
During the parasite's hepatic replication, the C-terminal region of EXP-1 binds ApoH. This molecular interaction plays a pivotal role for successful Plasmodium liver-stage development. Down-regulation of ApoH expression in either hepatic cells or mouse livers by RNA interference resulted in impaired intrahepatic development.
Title: Plasmodium berghei EXP-1 interacts with host Apolipoprotein H during Plasmodium liver-stage development.
A1-A1, which is a soluble analog of ApoER2 that binds pathological beta2GPI/anti-beta2GPI complexes, has a positive impact on hemodynamics in lupus-prone mice with spontaneous anti-beta2GPI antibodies and hypertension
Title: Soluble analog of ApoER2 targeting beta2-glycoprotein I in immune complexes counteracts hypertension in lupus-prone mice with spontaneous antiphospholipid syndrome.
These results suggested that CRP/oxidized low density lipoprotein/beta 2-Glycoprotein I complexes may induce lipid accumulation and inflammation in macrophages via the p38/MAPK and NFkappaB signaling pathways.
Title: C‑reactive protein/oxidized low density lipoprotein/β2‑glycoprotein i complexes induce lipid accumulation and inflammatory reaction in macrophages via p38/mitogen‑activated protein kinase and nuclear factor‑κB signaling pathways.
TLR2 increase the stimulating effect of beta2GP1/anti-beta2GP1 complex on the expression of TNF-alpha in mouse peritoneal macrophages
Title: [TLR2 blockade reduces TNF-α expression induced by β2GP1/anti-β2GP1 complex in mouse peritoneal macrophages].

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Targeted (1) 1 citation
Endonuclease-mediated (3)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Apoh (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141113

D10056 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:180357

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables heparin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables lipid binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables lipoprotein lipase activator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables phospholipid binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in animal organ regeneration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of angiogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of blood coagulation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of endothelial cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of fibrinolysis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of respiratory burst	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in plasminogen activation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of blood coagulation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of fibrinolysis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in triglyceride metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in triglyceride transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cell surface	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of chylomicron	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of high-density lipoprotein particle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of very-low-density lipoprotein particle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: beta-2-glycoprotein 1

Names: APC inhibitor; activated protein C-binding protein; apo-H; beta(2)GPI; beta-2-glycoprotein I

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_013475.4 → NP_038503.4 beta-2-glycoprotein 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_038503.4

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AA273732, AK010926, BU756628, BY143138

Consensus CDS

CCDS25574.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q01339

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q9CY42

Related

ENSMUSP00000000049.6, ENSMUST00000000049.6

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd00033
Location:84 → 137

CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system

PHA02927
Location:22 → 260

PHA02927; secreted complement-binding protein; Provisional

pfam00084
Location:142 → 200

Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)

pfam09014
Location:261 → 345

Sushi_2; Beta-2-glycoprotein-1 fifth domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000077.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

108286123..108305222

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006532042.1 → XP_006532105.1 beta-2-glycoprotein 1 isoform X1

Conserved Domains (2) summary

PHA02927
Location:22 → 169

PHA02927; secreted complement-binding protein; Provisional

pfam09014
Location:170 → 254

Sushi_2; Beta-2-glycoprotein-1 fifth domain