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Tpx2 TPX2, microtubule-associated [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 72119, updated on 21-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Tpx2provided by MGI
Official Full Name
TPX2, microtubule-associatedprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:1919369
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000027469 AllianceGenome:MGI:1919369
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
DIL2; p100; REPP86; 2610005B21Rik
Summary
Enables importin-alpha family protein binding activity and protein kinase binding activity. Involved in mitotic spindle assembly and regulation of mitotic spindle organization. Located in axon hillock and spindle. Is expressed in nephrogenic zone. Orthologous to human TPX2 (TPX2 microtubule nucleation factor). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Biased expression in CNS E11.5 (RPKM 33.6), liver E14 (RPKM 29.8) and 10 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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Location:
2 H1; 2 75.41 cM
Exon count:
18
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 2 NC_000068.8 (152689859..152737241)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 2 NC_000068.7 (152847964..152895321)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000068.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene predicted gene, 32057 Neighboring gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I2 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06077 Neighboring gene BCL2-like 1 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152614671-152614780 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152615325-152615529 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06078 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152620177-152620625 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06080 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 32211 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152642211-152642412 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152642094-152642203 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06082 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr2:152651505-152651806 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr2:152656963-152657264 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E514 Neighboring gene microRNA 5622 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06083 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E10154 Neighboring gene myosin, light polypeptide kinase 2, skeletal muscle Neighboring gene forkhead box S1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Tpx2 controls spindle integrity, genome stability, and tumor development. Aguirre-Portolés C, et al. Cancer Res, 2012 Mar 15. PMID 22266221
  2. Regulation of interkinetic nuclear migration by cell cycle-coupled active and passive mechanisms in the developing brain. Kosodo Y, et al. EMBO J, 2011 May 4. PMID 21441895, Free PMC Article
  3. Downregulation of TPX2 impairs the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Wang X, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2022 Mar 10. PMID 35273149, Free PMC Article
  4. Ran-dependent TPX2 activation promotes acentrosomal microtubule nucleation in neurons. Chen WS, et al. Sci Rep, 2017 Feb 13. PMID 28205572, Free PMC Article
  5. TPX2 regulates the localization and activity of Eg5 in the mammalian mitotic spindle. Ma N, et al. J Cell Biol, 2011 Oct 3. PMID 21969468, Free PMC Article

See all (39) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Downregulation of TPX2 impairs the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Title: Downregulation of TPX2 impairs the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.
  2. Depleting TPX2 decreases microtubule formation frequency specifically at the tip and the base of the neurite, and these correlate precisely with the regions where active GTP-bound Ran proteins are enriched.
    Title: Ran-dependent TPX2 activation promotes acentrosomal microtubule nucleation in neurons.
  3. Bcl2l10, Tpx2, and Aurka co-localized on the meiotic spindles, and Bcl2l10 was present in the same complex with Tpx2.
    Title: Bcl2l10, a new Tpx2 binding partner, is a master regulator of Aurora kinase A in mouse oocytes.
  4. Study demonstrates that the Golgi resident protein GM130 activates the spindle assembly factor TPX2 to nucleate microtubules around the Golgi and further captures them to couple mitotic membranes to the spindle.
    Title: GM130 Regulates Golgi-Derived Spindle Assembly by Activating TPX2 and Capturing Microtubules.
  5. The findings indicated that Tpx2 is essential for maintaining genomic stability through its role in spindle regulation.
    Title: Tpx2 controls spindle integrity, genome stability, and tumor development.
  6. Tpx2 redistributes from the nucleus to the apical process, and promotes nuclear migration during G2-phase by altering microtubule organization.
    Title: Regulation of interkinetic nuclear migration by cell cycle-coupled active and passive mechanisms in the developing brain.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Gene trapped (3)  1 citation
  • Endonuclease-mediated (1) 

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables importin-alpha family protein binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables importin-alpha family protein binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables molecular adaptor activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein kinase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein kinase binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in activation of protein kinase activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within apoptotic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell cycle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell division IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in microtubule nucleation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in mitotic spindle assembly IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in mitotic spindle assembly ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle organization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within spindle assembly ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in aster ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in axon hillock IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytoskeleton IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in intercellular bridge ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in microtubule IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in microtubule cytoskeleton ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in mitotic spindle ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in spindle IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in spindle ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
colocalizes_with spindle pole ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
targeting protein for Xklp2
Names
TPX2, microtubule-associated protein homolog

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001141975.1 → NP_001135447.1  targeting protein for Xklp2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001135447.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK090101, AK167030, BC060619, CJ163921
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS16900.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8BTJ3
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000136457.2, ENSMUST00000178997.8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam06886
    Location:661 → 717
    TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
    pfam09041
    Location:1 → 68
    Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
    pfam12214
    Location:367 → 489
    TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

  2. NM_001141976.1 → NP_001135448.1  targeting protein for Xklp2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001135448.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK167030, BC060619, BU148033, CJ163921
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS16900.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8BTJ3
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam06886
    Location:661 → 717
    TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
    pfam09041
    Location:1 → 68
    Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
    pfam12214
    Location:367 → 489
    TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

  3. NM_001141977.1 → NP_001135449.1  targeting protein for Xklp2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001135449.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK167030, BC060619, CA558942, CJ163921
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS16900.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8BTJ3
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000128888.2, ENSMUST00000164120.8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam06886
    Location:661 → 717
    TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
    pfam09041
    Location:1 → 68
    Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
    pfam12214
    Location:367 → 489
    TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

  4. NM_001141978.1 → NP_001135450.1  targeting protein for Xklp2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001135450.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK090101, AK167030, BC060619, CJ163921
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS16900.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8BTJ3
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000105441.2, ENSMUST00000109816.8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam06886
    Location:661 → 717
    TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
    pfam09041
    Location:1 → 68
    Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
    pfam12214
    Location:367 → 489
    TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

  5. NM_028109.4 → NP_082385.3  targeting protein for Xklp2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_082385.3

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK167030, BC060619, CJ163921
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS16900.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8BTJ3
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000028969.9, ENSMUST00000028969.9
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam06886
    Location:661 → 717
    TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
    pfam09041
    Location:1 → 68
    Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
    pfam12214
    Location:367 → 489
    TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000068.8 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    152689859..152737241
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006500213.3 → XP_006500276.1  targeting protein for Xklp2 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006500276.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8BTJ3
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam06886
    Location:661 → 717
    TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
    pfam09041
    Location:1 → 68
    Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
    pfam12214
    Location:367 → 489
    TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

  2. XM_006500215.3 → XP_006500278.1  targeting protein for Xklp2 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006500278.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8BTJ3
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam06886
    Location:661 → 717
    TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
    pfam09041
    Location:1 → 68
    Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
    pfam12214
    Location:367 → 489
    TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

  3. XM_006500214.3 → XP_006500277.1  targeting protein for Xklp2 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006500277.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q8BTJ3
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam06886
    Location:661 → 717
    TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
    pfam09041
    Location:1 → 68
    Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
    pfam12214
    Location:367 → 489
    TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
A2APB8.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:A2APB8

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