Protein-interacting V-domain of mammalian His-Domain type N23 protein tyrosine phosphatase and related domains
This family contains the V-shaped (V) domain of mammalian His-Domain type N23 protein tyrosine phosphatase (HD-PTP, also known as PTPN23) and related domains. It belongs to the V_Alix_like superfamily which includes the V domains of Bro1 and Rim20 (also known as PalA) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mammalian Alix (apoptosis-linked gene-2 interacting protein X/ also known as apoptosis-linked gene-2 interacting protein 1, AIP1), and related domains. HD_PTP interacts with the ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport) system, and participates in cell migration and endosomal trafficking. The related Alix V-domain (belonging to a different family in this superfamily) contains a binding site, partially conserved in the superfamily, for the retroviral late assembly (L) domain YPXnL motif. The Alix V-domain is also a dimerization domain. In addition to the V-domain, HD_PTP also has an N-terminal Bro1-like domain, a proline-rich region (PRR), a catalytically inactive tyrosine phosphatase domain, and a region containing a PEST motif. Bro1-like domains bind components of the ESCRT-III complex, specifically to CHMP4 in the case of HD-PTP. The Bro1-like domain of HD-PTP can also bind human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleocapsid. HD-PTP is encoded by the PTPN23 gene, a tumor suppressor gene candidate frequently absent in human kidney, breast, lung, and cervical tumors. This family also contains Drosophila Myopic, which promotes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, and Caenorhabditis elegans (enhancer of glp-1) EGO-2 which promotes Notch signaling.
Comment:based on the binding of Alix to the YPXnL (n=1-3) late domains of HIV and EIAV; late domains are short peptide motifs found in viral Gag proteins
Comment:some members of this superfamily have been shown to bind nonviral YPXnL motifs
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",